The North Central Province of Ceylon was the focus of a major civilisation which flourished between the third century BC and the twelfth century AD. The area is an arid plain where habitation is possible only with the help of an elaborate irrigation system; and the existing villages use the same irrigation works as the villages of antiquity. This 1961 book is a detailed analysis of how land was owned used and transmitted to later generations in one of these irrigation-based communities, the village of Pul Eliya. The main emphasis is placed on the way the ties of kinship and marriage are related to property rights and the practices of land use. The approach to this question provides a critical test of certain features of the theory and method of contemporary social anthropology. The factual evidence is very detailed, and the author allows the facts to speak for themselves wherever possible.